Uztaro

2013tik aurrera, errefuxiatuen krisiak immigrazioaren arazoa Europar Batasunaren kezka handienetako bat bilakatu du. Baina, momentu hauetan Europako herrialdeek ekialdeko Mediterraneoari begiratzen badiote ere, urteetan mugimendu migratzaileek Ipar Afrikako mendebaldetik, hau da Magreb deituriko eskualdetik, etengabeko presioa azaltzen dute; esan beharra dago, Hego Europako estatuak izan direla presio hori gehien jasan dutenak. Magrebeko estatuak etorkin askoren jatorrizko herrialdeak badira ere, Saharaz hegoaldeko pertsona askoren igarotze-herrialde bihurtu dira. Horrek, eremu euro-mediterraneoko zati honetan, immigrazioa fenomeno konplexu gisa aztertzeko premia ekarri du. Bere aldetik, Europar Batasunak immigrazioa kudeatzeko orduan zailtasun handiak utzi ditu agerian; esaterako, estatu kide guztien artean politika bateratu bat gauzatzeko zailtasunak, eta Magrebeko herrialdeekiko lankidetza operatibo eta eraginkorrak diseinatzeko zailtasunak.

Gako-hitzak: Europar Batasuna -- Migrazio Politika -- Magreb -- Nazioarteko Harremanak

[Title]

[Abstract]

Since 2013 the refugee crisis has become one of the major concerns of the European Union; that is why, at this moment, the UE is looking towards its eastern border. However, for years the migratory pressure from North Africa, especially form the countries of Maghreb, has been constant. The states of Maghreb are the home countries of people trying to reach European coasts, but they have also become places of transit for Sub-saharan immigrants. This fact has led to the urgency of analysing migratory movements in the Euro-Mediterranean space as a complex phenomenon. Nevertheless, the EU has shown considerable difficulties in managing these migratory flows, particularly when adopting a common policy among all members, but also with regard of providing operational and effective support to the Maghrebian states.

Key words: European Union -- Migratory Policy -- Maghreb -- International Relations