Uztaro

Lan honetan, XX. mendean zehar elebidunen garapen kognitibo eta neuropsikologikoaren inguruan aurrera eraman diren ikerketa garrantzitsuenen berrikuspena egiten da. Ikerketa horietan lortutako emaitza adierazgarrienak, berauen oinarrian dauden elebiduntasunari buruzko teoria nagusiak eta ikertzaileek erabilitako metodologia aztertzen dira. Artikulua elebiduntasunaren inguruko ikerketak mende honetan izan duen arrakasta azal dezaketen arrazoiak aztertuz hasten da. Jarraian, elebiduntasunari buruz hainbat autorek proposatutako definizioak eta elebidunen arteko bereizketak egiteko erabili diren dimentsio nagusiak, hots, elebidunen tipologiak azaltzen dira. Artikuluaren muina eratzen duen zatian, elebiduntasunaren ezagutzarako hain emankor gertatu diren elebidunen garapen kognitiboaren, oroimenaren antolakuntzaren eta garapen neuropsikologikoaren arloetan XX. mendean zehar garatu diren ikerketa nagusiak sakonki aztertzen dira.

 

Research into cognitive and neuropsychological development of bilinguals throughout the xxth century: A theoretic-methodological review. In this study, the most important research carried out regarding cognitive and neuropsychological development of bilinguals throughout the twentieth century is reviewed. The most significant results obtained in such research, the most weighty theories that underly them and the methodology used by the researchers are considered. The paper begins by examining the reasons that can explain the success research into bilingualism has had in this century. Next, the definitions of bilingualism suggested by different authors as well as the main criterion that have been used to distinguish between different types of bilinguals, that is to say, the bilinguals typologies, are exposed. In the core part of the paper, the main research carried out during the twentieth century in fields so fruitful to our understanding of bilingualism, such as cognitive development, memory organisation and neuropsychological development of bilinguals, are studied in depth.