Uztaro

Gaur egun Txina merkatu-ekonomian sartzeak dakartzan eta ekar ditzakeen ondorioak eguneroko albiste bihurtu dira. Asiar merkatua zabala da benetan eta, eskaintzen dituen aukerak direla eta, ohikoak dira hango he-rrialdeetan aritzen edo aritzeko asmoak dituzten enpresen inguruko berriak. Txinatar produktuek Mendebaldeko merkatuetan suposatzen duten lehia ere gaur egungo ohiko eztabaidagai suertatu da munduko ekonomiaren egoerari buruz hitz egitean. Bizitzen ari garen globalizazio-prozesu honetan normaltzat har dezakegu gugandik milaka kilometrotara dauden herrialdeetan negoziotan aritzea, nahiz eta euskal industriaren ikuspuntutik fenomeno berritzat hartua izan.
    Baina, gertakizun hori ez da berria euskal industriarentzat. Aspaldi, orain dela laurogei urte hain zuzen, zenbait euskal enpresa aritu ziren Txinan eta Japonian euren produktuak arrakastaz saltzen. Enpresa horiek hango merkatuetarako bereziki egokitutako produktuak ekoitzi zituzten, bide horretan, berrikuntza teknologikoan ere aurrerapauso garrantzitsuak eman zituztelarik. Artikulu honen helburua da esportazio-istorio horren nondik nora-koak aztertzea, atzerriko merkatuetan barneratzeko erabili ziren estrategiak ardatz harturik. Izenburuak argi adierazten duen bezala esportatu ziren produktuak armak ditugu eta sektorea, gaur egun herri honetan ia desager-turik dagoen, armagintza.

Nowadays, it is usual to hear of the consequences that the inclusion of China in a market economy has caused, or will provoke in the future. Due to the opportunities given by the size of the Asian Market, it is also usual to hear of companies that do or have set up businesses in that Continent. The competition made by Chinese products in Western markets is also one of the main subjects when talking about the situation of the World economy. And in this globalisation process we are now living, doing business in countries which are thousands of kilometres from us is normally accepted, although it is generally considered a new phenomenon in the case of Basque industry.
But, actually, this is not so new. Eighty years ago, some Basque companies successfully sold their products in China and Japan. They manufactured products specially designed to be sold in those markets and, in this way, they even made advances in technological innovation. The aim of this paper is to analyse this story of export, focusing it on the analysis of the strategies followed in order to penetrate foreign markets. As shown by the main title the products exported by these companies were guns and their activity, which today has almost disappeared in this country, gunmaking.